The Indian Culture- Informative Speech - 959 Words

Lebanese American University Byblos, Lebanon Fundamentals of Oral Communication Name: Amar Al Bakkar ID#: 201101998 Email Address: amar.albakkar@lau.edu Tel: 03/925225 Instructor: Mrs. Therese Nasrallah Date of Presentation: July 2, 2012 General Purpose: To inform Specific purpose: To inform my audience about the Indian cultures diversity Central Idea: India is a fascinating country with diverse traditions related to their language, their costumes, and their cuisine. Organization: Topical Order Visual Aids: Power Point Presentation Audience: University colleagues especially those interested in travelling or in improving their knowledge about cultural diversity. Introduction: I. â€Å"Namaste.†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦Conclusion: I. To sum up, India is a fascinating country with diverse traditions related to their languages, their costumes, and their cuisine. II. I hope after this speech you can see how the Indian culture is a colorful, vibrant and lively culture. III. And I invite you all to visit this country. And the next time you see a documentary about it, I hope you decide to watch it because learning about other cultures and opening your eyes on other parts of the world is never useless. Thank you and Namaste! References: Banerjee, M., Miller, D. (2004). the sari. Kumar, S. (n.d.). Linguistic diversity in india . Retrieved from http://www.publishyourarticles.org/knowledge-hub/essay/linguistic-diversity-in-india.html Ringman , J., Frautschy, S., Masterman, D., Cummings, J. (2005). A potential role of the curry spice curcumin in alzheimers disease. Curr Alzheimer Res., 2(2),Show MoreRelatedThe Indian Culture- Informative Speech975 Words   |  4 PagesBakkar ID#: 201101998 Email Address: amar.albakkar@lau.edu Tel: 03/925225 Instructor: Mrs. Therese Nasrallah Date of Presentation: July 2, 2012 General Purpose: To inform Specific purpose: To inform my audience about the Indian cultures diversity Central Idea: India is a fascinating country with diverse traditions related to their language, their costumes, and their cuisine. Organization: Topical Order Visual Aids: Power Point Presentation Audience:Read MoreWedding Traditions around the world1343 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Informative Speech- Wedding Traditions around the world. Topic- Marriage rituals around the world. Purpose statement-Even though getting married is one of the things we all share in the world, everyone has their own unique way of doing it. 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But for Alice, she has seemed to go into a depression as if since her young days, her glass eye would haunt her. â€Å"Why aren’t you excited Alice? it’s theRead MoreImpact of Media on Socio-Cultural Values and Social Institution in Indian Society10316 Words   |  42 Pagesnational media too has witnessed exponential growth. Tracking this growth in a meaningful perspective is imperative since its spread and reach have been mired in socio-political and cultural barriers. The complexities that limit the growth of the Indian media story are based on a heady mix of poverty, bias, economics, and the inherent trappings of a religious philosophy that find echo in the fatalistic suppositions of Hinduism. With minimal impact to change the state of the nation, the barriers thatRead MoreSocial And Cultural Diversity : Beyond Racism3572 Words   |  15 PagesGrand Canyon University: PCN-509 August 31, 2016 Social and Cultural Diversity ? 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Reality Is An Illusion Created By The Brain And Body Essay

Reality is Merely an Illusion Created by the Brain and Body Jayson Duffy Victory Charter School Abstract Reality is an illusion. This paper details the different ways that the brain and body integrate sensory information into our perception of reality. Each sense contributes to our personal realities and add to the illusion of what is and is not real. Each sense gathers and begins integration of sensory information to be sent to the brain. The brain contains specialized areas designed for the integration of specific pieces of information into our understanding of reality. Every part of the brain works together to complete the experience we know as reality. These integrations can also create sensations that seem real and deceive us. These sensations are just as real to us even though they may not truly be â€Å"real.† These false sensations, along with other sensations, contribute to our personal realities. â€Å"Reality is merely an illusion.† This quote by Albert Einstein has been widely perpetuated and in many cases dismissed as nonsensical speculation; however, very few realize just how accurate this statement is. Fred Lay, a man who has had his foot and lower leg amputated, still feels excruciating pain and other sensations in the foot. Even though the foot no longer exists, he still perceives it as being real and part of his body (Annenberg Learner, n.d.). Reality is not nearly as tangible as most have come to believe; rather, it is a fabrication that exists solely within anyShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Sensory Information On The Brain Essay1370 Words   |  6 PagesAlthough there are discrete cortexes in the brain, each with a specific purpose for integration, which have complex functions of their own, each part of the brain interacts with one another in complex ways that contribute to the integration of sensory information to the reality we are all so familiar with (Ea gleman, 2015a). As explained by Doctor David Eagleman (2015a), the brain is like a city. There is no true single place that reality could be said to exist in the mind. Just as in a city, thereRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet And A Midsummer Night s Dream1580 Words   |  7 Pagestrustworthy are only misinterpretations of reality created by our perspective, which make common illusions. 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Femininity Essay Example For Students

Femininity Essay Femininity is not a word that we are encouraged to use these days. A lot of people would argue that femininity is the thing that keeps women obedient to men. However, there is a hidden assumption behind this term. The assumption is that masculinity is superior to femininity; that femininity is not a beautiful and powerful thing in its own right. I believe that women have something men do not have. Women have special qualities that belong to them as women, and they do not intend to suppress those special qualities. I think the world would be a much poorer place without femininity. What means to be a woman? What first came to my mind was stereotypical. Passive, dependent, altruistic, intuitive emotionally open, and impulsivecis this what meant to be the ideal women in our society?In general, men have more power in the public place such as economic and political order, while women have more power in the private place such as domestic life, family. The social whole will be best suited if each sex does those tasks for which they are best suited. In fact, men and women have biologically different capacities and interests (aggressive vs. maternal feelings, etc) In the role of the family, men have power in making decision and the women have control of housework. @@@@I had encountered to see the different aspects of gender role in two societies. These two societies have their own values and beliefs that keep the man and the women different. However, the role of man is somewhat similar, though women have no similarities in a large scale. In Japan, women are considered to be gentle, modest, marry and take up housekeeping, support the entire family in any circumstances, and always graceful. One of the differences between two societies is the role of women at work. Japanese women who work at the firm are called OL, which is the abbreviation of office lady. Their role at the company is occupied with routine business such as making copies, serving green teas, go on an errand, cleaning up the desks, and throwing out the trash. This is the cultural norm of Japanese society. Women are not assigned to do jobs that carry responsibilities and efforts. They are not considered to be liable for important tasks. Also, the role of women in the family is not considered to be important as mens. Most of the families in Japan have very domineering husbands. Women do all the housework without the help from men. Women also do not have the control over money matter. On the other hand, the American culture considers women as equals to men. Women at work have their own offices, men and women share their roles in the family, and they both have control over money matter. These two societies have the norm that has been changing over the decades. Womens role has changed. However, portray of women is somewhat typical and remains the same in a sense. I believe that men and women are fundamentally the same and that all differences are the result of conditioning. Each of us is an individual, of course. The point is that femininity is something real. It is not something cooked up by society. It is no a cultural or historical accident. It is part of what we are. It is what makes us women rather than men, and if we prefer women to men, it is the thing we prefer. Bibliography:

United Cereal Laura Brill’s Eurobrand Challenge free essay sample

As a set of guiding principles, core values are the essential and enduring tenets of companies and have intrinsic value and importance to those inside the organization. UC’s two time-tested values-customer and market oriented, and constant innovation-which can be summarized from the company phrases, are embodied in its vision: Customer and market oriented (â€Å"You inspire us†): It is customers who lastingly gave UC inspiration to do innovation and led UC to become a pioneer in the use of consumer research and focus group. UC listens to the customer, spots the trend, and holds the high value placed on extensive market testing prior to launching new products. Constant innovation (â€Å"Innovative winning†): UC had a well-earned reputation as an innovator both in its products and brand management system. Honoring the past while embracing the future, UC rejects the conventional wisdom and creates innovative products being market leaders for more than half a century old. We will write a custom essay sample on United Cereal Laura Brill’s Eurobrand Challenge or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Core purpose, the second part of core ideology, is the organization’s reason for existence and reflects people’s idealistic motivations for doing the company’s work. Core purpose captures the soul of organization but not a specific target. David Packed, one of HP’s founders, assumed that the deeper and real reason for existence of companies is not to just make money but to get people together to accomplish 3 Master of Finance Principles of Management something they cannot accomplish separately- make contribution to society, which is fundamental. As what says in UC’s vision, â€Å"We accompany you to embrace every delicious and hopeful morning†, UC aims to improve the living standard of people by providing delicious and quality food and sharing the joy, hope and happiness with them. ) Envisioned future Envisioned future is a 10-30-year audacious goal plus vivid descriptions of what it will be like to achieve the goal. It requires thinking beyond the current situation and is totally future oriented. To create an effective envisioned future requires a certain level of unreasonable confidence and commitment. For example, â€Å"t o become the most powerful, the most serviceable and the most far-reaching world financial institution that has ever been† is the goal proclaimed by City Bank in 1915, which was only a small regional bank. UC aims to become the leader and winner of food industry through constant innovation and progress-â€Å"to pursue forever innovative and vigorous winning†. Altogether, the vision of UC â€Å"we accompany you to embrace every delicious and hopeful morning, and you inspire us to pursue forever innovative and vigorous winning† explains what UC is, why it exists, and where it will go. b. Generic strategies analysis of UC Judged from UC’s European strategy and organization, obviously UC has followed the focus strategy, specifically, differentiation focus originally but has a trend to cost focus, among Porter’s generic strategies. Porter’s generic strategy matrix highlights cost leadership, differentiation and focus as the three basic choices for firms (M. Pretorius, 2008). These three strategies are created by the combination of two dimensions: strategic advantage and strategic target. Strategic or competitive advantage is of two kinds- differentiation or lower cost. Strategic target or competitive scope can be in terms of geographic targets, customer segments served, and the range of products. A cost leadership strategy is to organize and manage business activities so that the lowest cost producer of a product (good or ervice) can be achieved within an industry. A differentiation strategy is based upon persuading customers that a product is superior in some way to that offered by competitors. In differentiation strategies, the emphasis is on creating value through uniqueness. Uniqueness can be achieved through service innovations, superior service, creative advertising, better services via 4 Master of Finance Principles of Management better supplier relationships, or in an almost unlimited number of ways (Ovidiu N. Bordean, Anca I. Borza, 2010). A focus strategy is aimed at a segment of the market for a product rather than at the whole market. Firms pursuing focus strategies have to be able to identify their target market segment and both assess and meet the needs and desires of buyers in that segment better than any other competitor. Focus strategies can be based on differentiation or lowest cost. In the case, major differences across European markets had led UC to establish national subsidiaries. Each subsidiary is led by a country manger and focused on local products and markets. Therefore, with the segmentation of the market and identification of target market, UC has positioned itself in focus part with the matrix. Further, each subsidiary had its manufacturing, marketing, RD and other functions. The country managers could operate with wide latitude to make product and marketing decisions based on their market understanding that would maximize the subsidiary’s local profit. New products are innovated and different marketing approaches are designed in each market to differentiate UC with other competitors. In this sense, UC’s competitive strategy is certainly closer to differentiation focus strategy. However, with increasingly competition of European cereal market, the margin of UC came under pressure. Achieving lower costs and implementing more efficient processes became vital. Most CMs now relied on cost reductions in their existing portfolios to maintain profits rather than launching new product. As a result, the competitive strategy of UC might turn to cost focus strategy. c. The implementation of â€Å"UC way† Without regarding the attractive vision and â€Å"UC Way†, the â€Å"brand management† system, which was pioneered by UC in the food industry, is absolutely a significant factor to keep UC as the market leader over a century. In this system, brand managers are authorized with the leadership of cross-functional teams. Each brand is managed as a mini profit center and is constantly measured against other brands. Based on this structure, intense competence for the support from RD and the resources for product development do exist among different brands, which greatly reduced lateral communication within the system. However, the vertical communication is strong within each brand, and top managers are very involved in seemingly mundane brand decisions, such as advertising copy and label changes. With the special emphasis on the vertical communication, it is definitely a complex process to obtain the final approval for each single brand due to the high value attached. The complicated process itself reflects the â€Å"UC Way† pretty much by â€Å"honoring the past†. During this process, all brand managers are supposed to â€Å"listen to the customer† for making the right 5 Master of Finance Principles of Management decision in order to â€Å"spot the trend and make the market†. In the end, few risks, as a result of this process, are taken by the company, which is certainly meaningful for â€Å"embracing the future†. Obviously, highly competitive relationships among these small profit centers drove each brand team to improve the productive efficiency with limited resources. In this way, resources (RD supports, budget, etc. ) could be most efficiently used. However, there could be a fair problem if the resource distribution is more liable to the more effective brand teams. Prudent attitude for every big or small decision keeps an ideally low level of the risk for the company and protects the good image of the brand, which is profitable for UC. But the deliberate cautiousness generates more administrative, marketing and transaction cost. Within the â€Å"brand management† system, how to grab the market chance which is likely profitable in time while other competitors also could discover is an extremely vital problem to be solved. We should step further into more specific of its implication and how it reflects UC’s own positioning according to Porter’s generic strategies. Based on the different requirements from each â€Å"mini UC†, different combinations of more than 100 branded products are distributed to each individual national subsidiary. According to the various preferences among these European countries, brand managers produce new products or promote the same branded product in different proper way to adapt the local situation, this is apparently in line with UC’s positioning in the differentiation focus strategy. With regard of the increasingly competitive cereal market and the huge price and profit pressure, limited budget provided little chance for developing and launching new branded products with high costs. Therefore, brand managers preferred the product extensions than new product introductions. In this sense, it is largely in line with UC’s positioning in the cost focus strategy. II. The European Market a. The SWOT analysis of UC’s environment in Europe SWOT is a widely recognized analysis tool that is used in strategy decision-making. It combined the analysis of internal resource â€Å"S† (Strength) and â€Å"W† (Weakness) with external environment â€Å"O† (Opportunity) and â€Å"T† (Threat). In the external analysis, an opportunity is a situation that the firm is favorable when considering its environment. Deregulation or improved political, innovation of new technology, and decreased barging power to suppliers or buyers are several 6 Master of Finance Principles of Management representatives of opportunities. A threat is a situation that a firm is unfavorable when considering its environment. Social change or tightly regulation, undesired technology changes, and lost of key suppliers or buyers are some representatives of threats. For internal analysis, strength is a resource that a firm owned and has competitive advantage compare to other firms. Strength makes a firm to serve its customers more or better than its competitors. On the contrary, a weakness is a resource impedes a firm to meet the needs of customers or reduce the efficiency of it. A weakness is what a firm wants to avoid and to minimize the bad effects. Then turn to UC’s case. The European market provides several opportunities for UC. In traditional, the European counties have different tastes and habits of breakfast. However an interest of healthy foods, which is mainly showed among aging baby boomers in both United States and Europe, has grown in the late 1990s. More natural and less sugar in cereal products has become a key trend in the cereal industry. This gives UC an opportunity to launch a new product to meet the new demand of the Europe market. Besides, the technology of freeze-dried fruits enables UC to produce healthy cereal without many additives. Moreover the EU has loosen its regulation of labeling, advertising, and general marketing practices, which also represent some opportunities for UC in the European market. On the other hand, some major threats are facing UC in the European market. In 2003, Kellogg, the toughest competitor, has already introduced Special K with freeze-dried strawberries to the European market, with Cereal Partners followed in 2007. These two firms compete fiercely with UC in almost every European country. The competition is growing dramatically in European market. In addition, the market growth of cereal industry has slowed to less than 1% annually, which makes UC’s margin growth under great pressure. Moreover, contract to the trend of customers’ preference to lower-priced products after the global recession, UC has experienced growing price and may continue to suffer from this trend. . The Porter’s Five Forces analysis of UC’s environment in Europe In the article â€Å"How Competitive forces Shape Strategy† of Michael E. Porter (Micheal E. Porter, 1979), Porter listed the major five forces which consist of the competitive environment a firm is facing. They are threat of new entrants, bargaining power of suppl ies bargaining power of customers, threat of substitute products or services and position among current competitors (competition in industry). The relationships between the five forces can be seen in Figure 1. 7 Master of Finance Principles of Management Threat of new entrants Bargaining power of supplies Competitions in industry Bargaining power of customers Figure 1 Threat of substitute products 1) Threat of new entrants. Usually, new entrants will grow the capacity of the industry, but also increase the competition for recourses and customers and may cause the market share to change. In the European market, the experience of Pod Cafe coffee pods showed that the entry barriers are not high enough to stop new entrants. Thus for UC, the threat of new entrants is not low and UC may face many newcomers in the market. 2) Bargaining power of supplies. The more bargaining power the supplies have the more pressure a firm bear to earn profit. With the growth of the bargaining power of supplies, the firm is difficult to cover the cost. In the European market, UC is facing increasing price, which indicate that the bargaining power of supplies cannot be ignored. 3) Bargaining power of customers. Similar to the bargaining power of customers, the more powerful of customers, the less profit a firm can earn. The sales price is hard to make a profit when the customer has great influence on the price of the products or service. Through the 2008-09 global recession, the customers are intending to choose lower-priced products. This actually increases the bargaining power of customers and put pressure on UC. 4) Threat of substitute products. Substitute products usually limited the capability of a firm to earn more profit by placing a ceiling on the price. In order to keep the customers or even draw back customers, updated products should be available. In European market, there is a variety of national traditional for breakfast. Customers are easily and frequently eat different foods for breakfast other than cereals. Keep on developing new products to meet the customers’ need is important for UC to maintain its market share. 5) Competition in industry. In a highly competition industry, its difficult for a firm to earn abnormal profit and rapid growth rate. Low price, high quality or differentiation products help a firm to compete with other players. In UC’s case, the two biggest firms UC and Kellogg control a total of 46% market shares, with the biggest four make of 70% market share and numerous smaller firms divided the remaining 30%. The cereal market in Europa is a highly competitive market. Master of Finance Principles of Management c. The standard expanding way of UC’s business in Europe When a firm decides to expand to international markets, there are several ways to choose. Export, franchising/licensing/contract, joint venture, foreign branch, private equity investment, and wholly owned subsidiary are of commonly used approaches (Pearce, J. A. Robinson, 2009). In 1952, UC first entering European market by acquiring an established company located in UK. In the following 30 years, UC used the approach, wholly owned subsidiary, to expand its operation in European. First acquiring an established local firm, then introducing products of US lines to grow it. Through the stand way of expand, up to 2009, 20% of global sales of UC are contributed by European market. By wholly owned the foreign subsidiary, a firm is flexible to introducing new products from matured market into the new market. This give UC the advantage to diversify the product line and to meet different needs of customers. Besides, through acquiring local company, UC entered the new market by using the existing distribution channel and relationship with suppliers. These help UC to reduce the complexity of new market, which may face most wholly owned foreign subsidiaries. Several disadvantages also associated with this approach. First, it is always a challenge to integrate the acquired firm to the global company group and share the same corporate values, policies, and views. Moreover, compare to other approaches, the subsidiaries has to take the whole risk and deal with it solely when facing any unfavorable conditions (bankrupt, operation loss, and etc. ). However, through other approach listed above, the parent company can take some risk for its foreign branch and the cooperation local company can share the risk with the parent company. All can reduce the risk a firm face when expanded the operation into a foreign market. III. Strategic Choice: Launch of Healthy Berry Crunch in France a. To launch or not to launch Based on the previous analysis of the European environment, Lora should launch the Healthy Berry Crunch in France. The following facts also support our decision. First, France has shown interest in healthy food. The test results for Healthy Berry Crunch blueberry version in 6 French cities had 64% intention to buy which is an exceptional number considering this as a new product. Besides, the consumer panel 9 Master of Finance Principles of Management results in Benelux and Germany are also in favor of Healthy Berry Crunch. This meets the previous SWOT analysis, which pointed out that the trend of the industry its move to more healthy food, which gives an opportunity to UC. Moreover, as mentioned before, EU has loosened its regulations of labeling, marketing practicing, which also indicate an opportunity to UC. Second, The Kellogg’s special K with strawberries is the only competitive product in the French market in this new segment since last 4 years. Meanwhile there are rumors about the launch of Berry Burst Cheerios in France by Cereal Partners, another competitor. Moreover, the Podcsafe case tells that the changes in the market and the launch timing will decide the fate of the product line. In this new segment the competition is now fierce yet but new entrance are coming, so become a new comer will have some advantages. Hence the product should be launched in France first. Third, considering the savings of 10-15% in the overall costs of all Europe, the launch of Healthy Berries Crunch seems to meet the company’s long-term strategy of streamlining the operations and product matrix of Europe. Also the innovation in the products had been at the core of UC’s history and the launch of Healthy Berry Crunch will be in line with this core value. In addition, some experts may also agree with the decision to launch this new product. One of those is Kurt Jager, Northern Europe Divisional VP and Europe’s most knowledgeable person about Breakfast Cereal Strategy in company. In his statement, the customer tastes in â€Å"Europe is converging and old cultural habits are disappearing. † b. How would the launch reflect the UC way Based on the analysis in the first part of this essay, the launch of Healthy Berry Crunch appears to be only partially in line with the UC way. 1) Constant innovation: The launch of Healthy Berry Crunch cannot be considered as a totally innovation but as an improvement of the already existing product line Healthy Crunch. Market research in France, UK, Germany, and Benelux showed that the improvement is just right for the market. ) Customer and market oriented: By launching Healthy Crunch, UC already did this. As the growth of Healthy Crunch is now constant and new trend is moving to more healthy food, the market can be extended by adding new product line, which is by introducing the Healthy Berry Crunch in France. This extend fits the way well. 10 Master of Finance Principles of Management Thus even though the launch of Heal thy Berry Crunch will not exactly fit the UC way, it is in line with it. IV. Strategic Choice: Should Healthy Berry Crunch become UC’s First Eurobrand . The concept of â€Å"Eurobrands† Eurobrands is a coordinated Europe wide strategy towards product marketing, which had succeeded in product development for UC. As Consumer tastes are converging, old habits are disappearing, and EU regulation is eroding market differences, a potential can be seen in having homogeneity of products across Europe, by standardizing the products as well as their marketing, promotion and advertising. By launching Eurobrands, UC will be able to cut their product development and marketing costs by 10% to 15% over 3 years. It will also give UC to be a step ahead of their competition. By being the first one to introduce such an idea, it will give UC a strong market penetration if the idea turns out to be successful. This launch will also expand responsibilities of country managers as a lot of cross-country interaction will be required. This interaction will also bring UC employees much closer and make it a true European entity. But this could lead to a change in existing structure at UC, which is a vertical structure with a long authorization channel. Eurobrands will require a very flexible management structure. However, launching Eurobrands could also lead to a potential loss of UC way, which is â€Å"Listen to Customer†. Unless UC tests Healthy Berry Crunch across Europe, it would never know if the customers across Europe want it or not. Launching Healthy Berry Crunch in France alone will cost at least $20 million, which is twice the approval level of Lora Brill and 10 times the approval level of Jean-Luc Michel, the Division VP for Southern Europe. Moreover, there is difference in opinions across UC over this strategy and this will create future hurdles for Eurobrands to succeed as a European strategy. b. The analysis of the establishment of Eurobrands Launching Healthy Berry Crunch as the first Eurobrand will give UC a first mover advantage over its competitors. Although there are cost associated with the launch of Healthy Berry Crunch as Eurobrand, but also UC is going to save between 10 to 15% 11 Master of Finance Principles of Management in product development and market costs over three years. So the savings will compensate the cost associated with the launch. By establishing Healthy Berry Crunch as a Eurobrand, it will give UC a strong advantage over its competitors and make it difficult for a new competitor to enter this market. Even if the sample size of â€Å"the test market and consumer panel results† is too small, the overall outcome is very positive. As mentioned before, Consumer tastes in Europe are converging as market differences are eroding. Hence, it won’t be too unrealistic to assume that Healthy Berry Crunch will be well received across Europe. UC will have to change their organizational structure in order to support Eurobrands and this might lead to some friction within the company. Lora has a very short time period to make her decision and after weighing the pros with the cons, it makes sense for Lora to show a green flag to Healthy Berry Crunch as the first Eurobrand. V. Organizational Structure to Support effective implementation of Eurobrand Following the discussion of UC’s strategy, this part will concentrate on the organizational structure of UC to give some advice on how to change the current structure of UC in order to make it consistent with the â€Å"Eurobrand† strategy. . The relationship between a structure and a strategy Theoretically speaking, organizational structure is the formal system of task modules, which reflects hierarchical relationships within a company, controls the coordination between employees and motivates employees to behave consistently with the organization’s strategic p lan and objectives (Joseph R. Cerami, 2000). Every company has its unique organizational structure, which embodies the history, culture and strategy of this organization. The structure and strategy of an organization are highly correlated. Structure is all related elements, such as the people, procedures and culture, which make up an organization; all aspects involving structure have to be integrated with the organization’s strategy. When the strategy is changed, the structure has to be verified to support the new strategy. If it doesn’t, the structure is like an obstacle in developing the new strategy and will eventually force the company back to its previous strategy. On the other hand, when structure is changed, the strategy has to be changed as well to fit the new structure ( Jones , 2010). In general, a right structure is the crucial element that leads a company’s success. If management concentrates only on the final target and does not care how the organization works as a whole, people in this organization will work in their individual ways, which is absolutely inefficient for the organization unless every part and every 12 Master of Finance Principles of Management employee works collaboratively and every operate, effort and resource supports the strategy. b. The analysis of Lora Brill’s structure According to Lora Brill’s concept, the UC Europe Organizational Structure will firstly contain central Eurobrand Teams which are composed of brand managers from every country subsidiary, delegates from each functional group such as logistics, engineering, RD and so on, and one appropriate Vice President who is in charge of specific regional divisions. What’s more, the responsibilities of the VPs will be also enlarged: in spite of that they already charged divisions, VPs should also concern as advisory about appointed products in whole Europe, which means VPs will be responsible for the cross-market coordination and communication of certain products. The country subsidiaries system exists at the same time, with the only changes in the importing of brand managers. Lora’s proposed new organizational structure is complex and doesn’t suit to any traditional structures’ form strictly. At first glance, it is a multidivisional matrix structure, since there are also three division VPs who are in charge of different regions in Europe besides one director for each function department. However, the traditional the new structure is more than that: because each division VP is also responsible for different product groups Europe wide, this forms a product team structure. Hence, as is shown above, Lora’s proposed organizational structure is quite complicated. Learning from the â€Å"fruit juice disaster†, Lora doesn’t want to dilute the authorities of country managers in order that she can get support from these CMs, as a result of which she sets VPs’ roles as advisory for products so that these senior managers’ experience and position can be taken advantage of. Moreover, having gained insights from the European Technical Teams, Lora plans to found Eurobrand Teams which can better serve for her Eurobrand strategy. Lora’s concept can make the very use of significant resources like marketing and RD; it can also earn coordination, control and overview of the UC’s whole business in Europe, thus solving the difficulties of UC in Europe; because the main problems of UC recently are the increasing pressure from price and profit due to high expenses of marketing and product development teams in each country, as well as the lack of effects on economies of scope and of scale. Based on the real situation and lessons from the past failure, Lora’s concept of â€Å"Eurobrands† and her proposed organizational structure take the critical factors into consideration, so it is not sudden to arrive in the conclusion that this concept and the structure will be more successful than the fruit juice launch. 13 Master of Finance Principles of Management To UC’s generic strategy and â€Å"Eurobrands† strategy, Lora’s proposal organizational structure is also appropriate. The current structure of UC in Europe is made up of national subsidiaries led by country managers. Each CM makes his or her own market decisions and determines which product to introduce in order to maximize the subsidiary’s profit. This current structure is lack of consistent strategy throughout Europe. Product selection process is a weakness, because of UC’s limited awareness to regard Europe as a whole. UC’s CM structure in Europe is not helpful for the products and brands that coordinate with their new strategy. As is mentioned before, UC’s original generic strategy is differentiation strategy; however, due to increasing competition in Europe, its strategy has a trend to cost focus strategy. The SGA cost of current CM structure is 25% higher than the cost of the counterparts in US, because marketing and development has to be done by every country’ working team before product is introduced; while based on the estimation of her finance director that implementation of coordinated European product strategies will lead to staff reductions and other savings, Brill’s proposal structure integrates the marketing and development teams of specific kind of product, which may cut off the cost in accordance with cost focus strategy. Lora’s Eurobrand strategy is committed to push French Healthy Berry to the whole Europe. Obviously UC’s current structure is not proper for this strategy, since in every country CMs are making decision on their own product marketing and development without reporting to a single person in charge of Eurobrand, and this may make Eurobrand seem like several other brands and lead chaos if Eurobrand really comes into being; while Lora’s proposal structure implicates a European products manager system, which integrates the market operations in different countries and this benefits the Eurobrand by forcing different subsidiaries acting collaboratively.

Jack Kerouac essays

Jack Kerouac essays Born in the town of Lowell, Massachusetts, in 1922, Jack Kerouac was born to Leo and Gabrielle Kerouac, a French-Canadian couple in which Jack didnt even learn to speak English until age 6, when he was enrolled in school. Jack Kerouac would aspire to be one of the most inspirational writers of his time and in American history. Although, through his younger years, and while he was in school, he took a more athletic approach to life. Jack played Football in high school and was among the popular crowd, despite his shy personality. Like many young and disinterested students, he would ditch school at least once a week, all while managing good grades in his classes. What was unusual about his behavior was that he didnt ditch with his friends to go see girls or get into trouble, he went to the town library where he read books by Shakespeare, Victor Hugo, William Penn and scholarly books on Chess (he was on a chess team in school.) Jack was born as a third child, but lived as a second when his brother died of rheumatic fever at age nine. Jack was heartbroken. The real magic began when Jack started writing. Influenced by those he read about as a child in the Lowell Town Library, Jack wrote about his own life experiences and visions of his life. One could consider Jack a philosophical writer, but most classified him as a poet of the beat generation. Jacks poetry opened a new path for him. Jack had been writing novels such as Maggie Cassady and Vanity in Duluoz and more famous ones such as The Town and The City and On The Road. Jack wrote poetry which was later compiled into books before he died. Jack Kerouac took risks and adventures, traveling with friend and writer, Neal Cassady through the Southern Atlantic Ocean on a boat. Jack wrote about these adventures and used them in his novels which were published when he returned home. After Jack had formed his vision of...

How to Format an AGLC Bibliography

How to Format an AGLC Bibliography How to Format an AGLC Bibliography Knowing how to use AGLC referencing is vital if you’re studying law in Australia, or simply writing about legal issues Down Under, as it is the main regional guide for citing legal sources. So to help out, we’ve put together this guide on how to format an AGLC bibliography. What to Include in an AGLC Bibliography The fourth edition of AGLC uses a bibliography rather than a reference list. This means you should include every source you consulted while writing an essay, not just those cited in your document. In addition, you will need to sort sources by type using the following categories: A. Articles, Books and Reports B. Cases C. Legislation D. Treaties E. Other The â€Å"Other’ category here includes anything that doesn’t fit easily into the other categories, such as government documents, newspaper articles, transcripts, press releases, and websites. However, you can add to the categories above as required (e.g., if you cite several interview transcripts, you could have a separate section for them). Likewise, if you haven’t cited any sources of a certain type in your work, you can leave that category out of the bibliography. How to Present an AGLC Bibliography An AGLC bibliography should follow certain rules. Make sure to: Provide full publication details for all sources. List sources under each heading alphabetically Invert the names of the first listed author when an author is named (i.e., give their surname first, followed by a comma and their first name). Use â€Å"et al.† after the first name when a source has four or more authors. Italicize titles of books, journals, cases, and legislation. Use â€Å"quote marks† for titles of journal articles and book chapters. As with any referencing system, clarity and consistency are vital in an AGLC bibliography, so make sure to get your work proofread, too. Example AGLC Bibliography In case any of the above isn’t clear, a bibliography made using AGLC rules should look something like the following: A. Articles, Books and Reports Mackie, Ken, Elizabeth Bennett Histead and John Page, Australian Land Law in Context (Oxford University Press, 2012) Rothstein, Mark A, â€Å"Epigenetic Exceptionalism† (2013) 41(3) The Journal of Law, Medicine Ethics 733 B. Cases Nydam v The Queen (1997) VR 430 Smith v Jones (1982) 126 CLR 503 C. Legislation Legal Profession Act 2004 (NSW) Navigation Act 2012 (Cth) s 14 D. Treaties International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, opened for signature 3 November 2001, UNTS 2400 (entered into force 31 March 2004) E. Other Hamer, David, â€Å"ARC rankings poor on law†, The Australian (online, 25 June 2008) theaustralian.com.au/higher-education/opinion/arc-rankings-poor-on-law/story-e6frgcko-1111116734303 Wells, Kathryn, Australias Maritime History Under Sail (Web Page, 17 December 2009) australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/australias-maritime-history-under-sail

Hyperbola Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hyperbola - Research Paper Example Different conics have different ranges of eccentricity. Hence a type of conic is identified by the value of eccentricity and if the value of eccentricity is greater than one then the conic is named as hyperbola. Hyperbola is logically very close to that of ellipse in all its mathematical features. The basic and fundamental difference between the ellipse and a hyperbola is enumerated by the difference in the eccentricity value since ellipse eccentric value is greater than zero but less than 1. Actually this difference can be understood in 2D as for ellipse the sum of distances from foci and a point on that of ellipse is fixed. Whereas in hyperbola it is the difference in the distances from foci and a point on hyperbola is fixed. The diagram of a hyperbola reveals the fact that a hyperbola is actually composed of two parts which are disjoined with each other and two parts are positioned on equal distances with each other. As the value of the eccentricity of hyperbola come closer to 1 t he edges of the cups of the hyperbola are lessened with each other coming closer on the other hand if the value of eccentricity increases the edges of the cup widens and the two ends of cup go more far with each other. 1. Mathematical And Geometric Features In Hyperbola Hyperbola has many geometric and mathematical features as that of ellipse. ... There is another axis at the centre of hyperbola which is perpendicular to that of traverse axis and is called as conjugate axis. The conjugate axis is just like a minor axis as in the case of ellipse. Likewise the transverse axis in a hyperbola is just like a major axis in the ellipse. The centre is a point across which all geometric features are located. This centre point is the intersection of the two axes i.e. the traverse axis and the conjugate axis. The centre point can be located at origin as well as it can be replaced to some point like (h, k), in such case of replacement of centre point the equations and calculations are made accordingly and become bit difficult to solve. The traverse axis is normally parallel to X axis (horizontal) or exactly placed on it, but in other cases the traverse axis can be shifted to Y axis (vertical) for this reason a new hyperbolic curvature is obtained. When the transverse axis is placed on X axis the conjugate axis will be placed on Y axis. Bu t when traverse axis is placed on Y axis the conjugate axis will be shifted to X axis. When traverse axis is placed on or parallel to X axis (horizontal), the ‘x’ component in standard equation of hyperbola is taken as positive. If the transverse axis is placed on or parallel to Y axis (vertical), the ‘y’ component in standard equation of hyperbola is taken as positive while the other ‘x’ component is taken as negative. 2. Hyperbolic Classification There are different types of hyperbola categorized on the basis of their orientation and characteristics. Hyperbolae centre can be placed on origin and as well as any where except origin. Hyperbole transverse axis can be parallel to X axis (horizontal axis), can be made parallel

Roman Republic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Roman Republic - Essay Example The reasons for the decline of Rome are as intriguing as the factors contributing to its rise. In order to understand the causes of the collapse of the Roman Empire, it is essential to understand the confluence of circumstances and variables that contributed to its rise, for these are the same factors that were brought to such an excess that the Empire collapsed under its own weight. Ultimately, Rome's successful development of military might, political dominance and infrastructural innovation led to such an expansion of the Empire that it could not sustain its own mass. This development was driven largely by the egos of Rome's leaders, who believed Roman civilization was so superior that it was a gift to the world to have it spread as much as possible. Military might was arguably the first key factor that enabled the Romans to build their empire. This was achieved through "cultivation of virtues conducive to military strength: unswerving loyalty, obedience, frugality and disregard for peril to life and limb" (Bonta, par. 6). These virtues were evident from the very beginning of the evolution of Rome. Roman history, from its inception, is replete with monumental wars and battles, most of which resulted in Rome's victory and dominance, thereby paving the way for geographic expansion and assimilation of weaker neighbors. Bonta maintains that "for the most part, Roman military history is a dreary catalog of one-sided battles with outmatched and poorly organized foes, of the destruction or absorption of entire nations into the expanding Roman state, and of almost superhuman resilience in rebounding from rare defeats that would have broken the back of any other people" (par. 8). Clearly the expansion of the Roman Empire would not have been possible had Rome not been militarily dominant. And yet, over-zealous military adventures eventually resulted in the destruction of Rome. Political Structures Rome's political structures were cutting edge and in many ways ahead of their time. They vested real power in the hands of the people in a way that had rarely if ever been seen before; and did so in a way that struck a nearly perfect balance between stability and liberty (Bonta, par. 10). Rome "discovered a formula for limiting the power of government by dividing it among several different magistrates and elected bodies" and also "developed a code of written laws that defined and protected the rights of Roman citizens" (par. 10). These developments regarding separation of powers and personal liberty planted the seeds of political thought that served as the foundation of modern Western-style democracies. Roman citizens were genuinely empowered. They enjoyed an unprecedented degree of liberty that was protected by law, and had a hand in electing their government representatives. The satisfaction of common citizens with their representation in the government was a very important factor that led to the stability of the state. The masses, as a whole, felt politically content and this was a critical factor enabling the empire to evolve. Essentially, by giving people a stake in their political system, Rome ensured that it would not have to be distracted by the need to quell internal discontent, and could instead focus on external expansion. The problem for Rome was that these same political privileges were not afforded to many of those

Farley, Mowat’s “Never cry wolf” Essay Example for Free

Farley, Mowat’s â€Å"Never cry wolf† Essay Farley, Mowat’s â€Å"Never cry wolf,† is a book based on the research of the lifestyle of wolves in the Arctic Circle. Mowat uses his experience to educate the society of the social ills conducted by the hunters towards the wolves. The book displays the risk that the wolf pack families face due to the human activities in the area. The title of the book acts as a symbol in reference to the story of the boy who cried wolf. The book thus enables the reader to think beyond the tile so as to form an opinion of the author’s message. The book challenges the human communities who are in charge of the nature around them. Humans tend to overstep their authority by infringing on the rights of the wolves. The analysis of the book educates the society of the inhumane activities that humans are inflicting on the animals. Different passages from the book Interpretation of the passage and meaning I was born and grew up in the farm and never knew what it was to have all I wanted or needed as a teenager in the late 20s The author talks of his life as a child. He was exposed to animals at an early stage in life due to his parent’s lifestyle. This is a contributing factor to his love for animals. That night the inevitable happened. We were awakened by the most frightful uproar. It seemed to consist of furious barking of a dozen dogs mingled with the roaring of the menagerie of lions The passage elaborates the intensity of the nature that surrounds him. The conflict between the dogs and the lions displays the fight for power amongst the animals. Then there were the birds. That spring Angus had bought me a field guide and with its help, I identified forty species that were new to me. The author’s exposure to different bird species enabled him to identify with the different lifestyles that they had. Angus developed a love for all forms of wildlife which in turn made him aware of the plight that the animals had. My most cherished images of the mountain country were not of the forbidding peaks but of the animals The author admits that he has a special place for the animals. The country has a number of natural resources that are fascinating to any visitor. Amongst all these features, he places priority on animals making them his favorite pastime. Although I would now commit such atrocities against some of the most beautiful creatures extant, I cannot honestly censor the boy who was for what he did then The author admits that his actions are reflective to that of other men. His treatment of the animals is not desirable initially. He learns how to appreciate all sorts of animals making him an advocate for their livelihood. â€Å"The wolf is a savage, powerful killer. It is one of the most feared and hated animals known to man and with excellent reason† Chapter 6, pg. 60. The passage showcases the dangers that the wolf portrays. Human beings often misinterpret the actions of the wolf due to its dangerous nature. Despite the fact that the wolf continues to become extinct, it poses a threat to the human beings who live next to the packs. This makes the world undesirable by man. â€Å"Evidence obtained by various Government agencies from hunters, trappers and traders seemed to prove that the plunge of the caribou toward extinction was primarily†¦ The intervention by the government saw the danger that the wolves are exposed to. Human activities were mostly responsible for these dynamics making them the number on culprits. This also displayed possible extinction of the breed of wolves if authorities continued to ignore the circumstances. â€Å"I had made my decision that, from this hour onward, I would go open-minded into the lupine world and lean to see and know the wolves, not for what they were supposed to be, but for what they actually are† Chapter 7, pg. 77. Morwat made a personal decision to protect the wildlife from the outside environment. One of the steps he takes is orienting himself with the lives of the wolves. This involves learning about the exact nature of the wolves instead of forming an assumption about them. This in turn will help remove the ignorance that he had so as to improve society’s awareness of the wolves. In conclusion, human beings are responsible for the surrounding environment. This involves observing the safety of all animals in and outside the wild. This is however, not the case in that the number of wild animals continues to diminish due to the human activity. The wolves are one of the animals that continue to face the wrath of human beings. The analysis of the book is thus ideal for the education of the public. This in turn will improve the existing relationship between man and nature.

Deviant Behavior Essay -- essays research papers

DEVIANT BEHAVIOR   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Just about everyone has done something that someone else disapproves of. In fact, almost all of us have done something we ourselves have reservations or second thoughts about. Perhaps we’ve stolen something, or told a lie, or gossiped about another person in an especially nasty way. Maybe on occasion we’ve gotten drunk, of high, or driven too fast, or recklessly. Have we ever worn clothes that someone else thought was out of style, offensive, or ugly? Have we belched at the dinner table, or did we ever break pick our nose in public? Maybe we failed to show up for an important class or read a crucial assignment, or permitted our eyes to wonder onto a neighbor’s answers during an exam. Do we like a television program that someone else finds stupid and boring? Didn’t we once date someone our parents and friends didn’t like? Maybe our religious beliefs and practices don’t agree with those of some other members of our society; it could be that they would regard us as too religious or not religious enough. For some people we may be too liberal, too conservative, or too much of a loser. Does someone else consider us too short or tall, too plain of exotic, to thin or heavy, too dark or to light skinned? The number of possible ways that what we believe, or do or are, could be judged negatively by others is infinite.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This means that almost any action or characteristic we could do or think of is approved in some social circles and condemned in others. Almost inevitably, we depart or deviate from someone’s rules, simply by acting or being ourselves, since we can’t conform to all the different sets of rules that exist. Sociologists refer to behavior that is regarded as wrongdoing that generates negative reactions in persons who witness or hear about it, as deviant behavior. Many definitions of deviant behavior exist. In the book titled Deviant Behavior by Alex Thio he states that there are many conflicting definitions for deviant behavior.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many theories about how the world came to be, was it the big band, evolution or creation? Well just like there are many different theories for this category, there are also different theories to the cause and origin of deviant behavior. I will mention a few and give a brief definition on what they state. Strain theo... ... with another person that thinks totally the opposite from us makes us weird, different, deviant in there eyes. Who are we to say what deviance really is? Maybe there is a lady who killed her children because she thought it was the right things to do because she lives in a third world country and her children were starting to die of huger and thirst. Maybe there is a teenager who goes to school gets perfect grades and works part time and wastes all his money on drugs and in prostitutes. Maybe there is a man who worships God every single second of his life and he will not talk about anything else but God. He has no eyes or ears for anything else but God that’s all he talks about and he refuses to talk about anything else. So my question is which of these persons is considered deviant? Is it the lady who killed her children, the adolescent who gets perfect grades, but is involved in drugs and prostitution, or is it the man who is obsessed by God and won’t talk of list en to anything unless its about God? Maybe the answer to this question may never be answered, because we all have our different opinions on the causes and the origin of deviant behavior.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Dance, the Art of Movement Essay

Dancing is the rhythmical movement of the body, usually with music, to express an idea or emotion, to narrate a story or simply to enjoy and take pleasure in the movement itself. It can be traced that Dance as an art started from the moment it was harnessed to a rhythm, probably the stamping of the feet and clapping of the hands. Dance of the earliest times differ from those of the present times; the dances of the barrio folks differ from those of the city. There are primitive and non primitive dances. Indians dance to give thanks for a harvest, the Mexicans to celebrate a religious festival, teenagers dance at parties, both young and old go discoing and children everywhere dance because it is pleasurable to express joy through bodily movement or language. Origin and Function of the Dance Dancing has primitive beginnings. It can be deduced from the behavior of primitive tribes surviving today that the rhythm that spurred on the dances mostly came from the beat sustained through the stamping of the feet on the ground. Soon, dance was used for purposes of affecting the whole tribe; hunting dance to depict the capture or a prey or a warlike dance to show the defeat of enemy. There were dances of thanksgiving for a good harvest, good weather and wanted rain. Rain dances have survived in some parts of the world until today. In biblical dances, the Old Testament attests that Miriam, the sister of Moses, led the women in a dances of joy after Israelites escaped from Egypt. King David danced before the Ark of the Covenant to express thanksgiving. Psalm 149 says, â€Å"Let them praise HIS name in the dance. † The Bible tells us when people danced, but it does not tell how they danced. The Hebrew religion forbade the making of images. Thus there are no paintings or statues to help reconstruct the dances of Miriam or David. In earlier times, supplications t Gods was the beginning of the religious aspect of dancing. In the West, the most sophisticated of professional dancers put their art at the service of religion taking part in celebrations in great cathedrals or in humble churches. It is believed that the more grotesque kinds of dancing in plays and spectacles were developed by the Romans. In the East as well as in the West, dancing was developed as a social grace. Various kinds of religious, social and theatrical dances evolved slowly in the dances today. Generally, western dance techniques are based mostly on footwork, while the Eastern forms of art dance, depending upon footwork to sustain the rhythm, derive their greatest beauty and subtle meanings from the infinite variety of delicate movements of the upper part of the body, especially the head, neck and hands. In the East as in the West, dance was indigenous to religious ceremony, and was used for entertainment. Plato, the great Greek Philosopher demanded a place for the dance in his ‘’ideal republic’’ saying that it would help towards acquiring noble, harmonious and graceful attitudes. The implication is that dance was already appreciated for its own sake, as an expression of beauty and movement. The domination of the Roman Catholic Church in Europe, after the fall of Rome, virtually extinguished theatrical dance, but it was reborn together with other art of Italy.

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High GPA but Low ACT Score What Do You Do

High GPA but Low ACT Score What Do You Do SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You do great in school, but you just can’t get that score you want on the ACT. If you're a great student but not as great a standardized test taker, don't worry: you aren't alone. In this post,I'll let you know what ACT scores qualify as low, what message those scores send to admissions officers, andwhat you can do to improve your chances of getting into a good school. What Is a Low ACT Score? Before we even discusswhat to do with a high GPA and low ACT score, are you certain your ACT score is low? You should not simply compare your ACT scores to your friend's score or classmates' scores. The ACT score you want should depend on which university you hope to attend.If your ACT score is already in the ACT score range for your target school, then your ACT score is not low. Search for â€Å"[College Name] ACT† to find out the 25th/75th percentile foryour target schools. The 25th percentile score means that 25% of the students attending have a score at or below that number (this is below the average for admitted students). The 75th percentile means that 75% of students have a score at or below that number (this is above average for admitted students). The 25th/75th percentile reveals the scores of the middle 50% of applicants admitted to the college. If you score at the 75th percentile for a college and have a high GPA, you have an excellent chance of being accepted. However, if you're at the 25th percentile, you will need to have a strong application to increase your chances of being accepted. As an example, NYU has a 25th/75th for the ACT of 28 to 32, and Harvard has a 25th/75th of 32 to 35. You may think, why won’t I be accepted to Harvard with a 32 when 25% of Harvard freshman scored below that? In actuality, the 25% below a 32 were most likely admitted because they are a unique applicant such as an athlete (or a student with some other special talent such as being a world-class flute player), a legacy, or thechild of a significant donor. "Hi, I'd like to donate a building or three?" In writing this article, I am assuming you are a â€Å"normal applicant†(not one of the types listed above).To have the best shot of getting in, you want to get a high ACT score to go along with you high GPA, and a high ACT score is one that is at or above the 75th percentile for the colleges you hope to attend. If your score is below the 25th percentile for the school you hope to attend, you may still have a chance of getting in. Do you know that some colleges â€Å"superscore† the ACT? This means they will combine your highest individual section scores from each ACT and recombine it into a new superscored composite ACT score. For example, if you took the ACT 3 times and your best English score was on your 1st test date (33), your best Math score was on your 2nd test date (31), and your best Critical Reading and Science scores were from your 3rd test date (36, 36), you can combine those 4 best section scores into a brand new composite score (34). Your superscored composite ACT score may end putting you in the 25th/75th percentile range for your target college!For further explanation of superscore and for a list of the college that superscore the ACT, see our other article: Colleges that Superscore ACT: Complete List If your ACT score does not meet the 25th/75th percentile for your target school even with superscoring, there is good news and bad news: The Good News: Your GPA Matters More Than Your ACT Score Your transcript is the most important part of your college application because it shows that you have worked hard during all four years of high school.I considera high GPA to be between 3.5 and 4.0 on a 4.0 unweighted scale for the reasons stated in our other article. However, highly competitive universities such as Harvard and Yale will want you to have an even higher GPA, in the 3.85 to 4.0 range. I am using unweighted GPArather thanweighted GPAsince unweighted GPA is the more commonway to measure academic achievement in high school. While your GPA is important, it is even more important that you took challenging classes in high school and still got a high GPA. If you don’t believe me, here it is from Stanford’s admissions office, â€Å"We expect you to challenge yourself throughout high school and to do very well. The most important credential that enables us to evaluate your academic record is the high school transcript.† An admissions officer will only consider your high GPA impressive if you took the hardest classes (AP or IB) offered at your school.Easy classes and a high GPA will not impress an admissions officer. I will explain this more in-depth below. The Bad News: A Low ACT Score WillHurt You Admissions offices require applicants to take the ACT because they see this test as an equalizer among applicants (click here for further explanation of why students take the ACT). Each applicant had a different high school education. Even students applying from the same high school may have taken different classes or had different instructors. The one thing all applicants have in common is that they took the SAT or ACT.Every student took the â€Å"same† standardized test (or at least, similar enough tests to be compared even though each testing date technically has a different test) While your GPA and transcript are very important, your low ACT score may make an admissions officer question if your grades were â€Å"inflated† (which some teachers do) or ask if you took easy classes. They may think that your low ACT score is a better signifier of how prepared you are for higher education. What Will the Admissions Officer’s FirstImpression of Your High GPA/Low ACT Score Be? To be perfectly frank, an admissions officer will probably, at first, think that your teacher inflated your grades or that you chose to take easy high school classes, and they may wonder if your low ACT score is a more accurate indicator of your academic potential. But don’t worry! Admissions officers will dig deeper. Most admissions officers know the high schools in the US very well. At the majority of colleges, each admissions officer is assigned a state or region, and he or she is responsible for reading all of the applications from students in that area and for visiting the high schools in that area (so, if your high school had a visitor talk about admissions at a specific college - that person will most likely be reading your application for that college). Since the admissions officers visit these high schools and read the applications from students at these high schools, they know the academic reputations of these high schools.The admissions officers will know if your high school is considered very academically rigorous or if your school has a reputation for being easy and inflating grades. When reading your transcript, an admissions officer will be able to tell if you chose to take the easier classes and avoided the AP or IB classes that your school offered (if your school offers AP or IB). If you did take the easier classes, the admissions officer will likely then think your low ACT is a more accurate depiction of your academic potential than your GPA. If you did enroll in very rigorous courses throughout high school (tons of AP or IB classes, if offered at your high school) and you have a high GPA, then the admissions officer will know that and may excuse your low ACT score. Still, your chances of getting in will be higher if you can get a higher ACT score to match your high GPA. What Can You Do to Raise Your Low ACT Score? Raising your score on your low ACT score will give you your best chance of getting into your target school. If you are applying right now and don't have time to retest, skip below for advice on what you can do to boost your chance of admission. If you do have time to retest, I will try to help you diagnose the issue thatcaused the low score onyour last test(s). Did You Practice? If you never practiced for the ACT, that is probably the issue. The ACT is a very fast test. You need to know the ACT test format before taking the ACT so that the format will not slow you down. Learn about ACT scoring, the length of the ACT test, and the ACT test instructions. I would recommend taking a minimum of four full-length, timed practice tests to ensure you have the pacing down.If you need help finding practice tests, check outComplete Official ACT Practice Tests, Free Links. When you sit for multiple practice ACTs, you will start to feel comfortable with the format and will learn how to pace yourself. Note: Do not just take the practice ACTs and forget about them. You should be reviewing the questions you got wrong and learning from thosemistakes. For a guide to how to review your practice tests, check outThe Best Way to Review Your Mistakes for the SAT/ACT. What Was Your Practice Approach? If you practice by yourself, what tests are you using for your practice? You need to practice with official past ACT tests. Because the ACT is very different from other tests, you have to use actual ACTs to get the actual feel of the test. If you need help finding practice material here are Complete Official ACT Practice Tests, Free Links.If you still want more material, check out The 10 Best ACT Books Recommended for ACT Prep. If you are using old ACTs for your solo study, are you checking your wrong answers? This is the key to success on the ACT: you need to determine where you went wrong and learn from it.If you do not, you will not learn anything from the tests and you will continue making the same mistakes. If you want guidance on reviewing your tests, check outThe Best Way to Review Your Mistakes for the SAT/ACT. Do You Have One of the Following Issues? Issue #1: You have not learned the strategies for the ACT or gotten the timing down. To help solve this issue, you should check out the other free guides offered here at PrepScholar. Issue #2: You aren't familiar with the math and English concepts needed to succeed ACT. You do not have the geometry formulas memorized, or you do not know the grammar rules. Not knowing contentis a less common issue but a very important one to address. Take the time to learn this content because masteringit will have a huge impact on your score. Issue #3: If you feel like you know the strategies and content and are still not improving, you may be having trouble focusing. To help solve this issue, you probably need more personalized prep and should consider hiring a tutor or using an online resource such as PrepScholar. If You PreppedWith a Tutor/Class/Online Program and Are Not Seeing Improvements, You May Be Having One of the Following Issues: Issue #1: Your help is not personalized to your needs. It/he/she is not trying to fix your unique weaknesses, but rather is just using the same material for everyone. Try to find a more personalized tutor/class/program. Consider trying our PrepScholar ACT prep program. We do the heavy lifting for you, by splitting up our prep material into specific skills. We'll detect your weaknesses automatically and give you focused lessons and quizzes to improve those skills. Issue #2: The tutor/class/ online program is not working you hard enough (not making you do ACT practice tests or not making you stick to the timing). You should be using a prep person/program that will force you to take timed practice ACTs and stick to a study schedule. You should try PrepScholar’s ACT prep program;our program keeps track of your time spent studying each week, times you during all practice tests, and asks you to commit to a study schedule. Issue #3: You may have test anxiety. As a tutor, I saw this in some students. If you are scoring high in your practice, but on the actual ACT not achieving the same score because you are anxious or can’t keep your pacing and can’t finish. This isn’t a simple issue to fix. While all of the studying (learning the test format and pacing) should help reduce your worry, it may not solve the problem entirely. You should know the ACT is just a test and will not determine your future as shown by these celebrity ACT scores. Also, maybe meditate to try to relax you before the ACT. If You're Applying to College Right Now and CannotRetake the ACT, What Can You Do? You have some options if you need to submit your applications and think you do not have time to retest: Option #1: You can strengthen the rest of your college application. Focus on the positives! You have an awesome transcript, so try to make the rest of your application as awesome. Read our other article for advice on how to build the most versatile college application, including advice on writing your essay, getting letters of recommendation, and more. Option #2: You can check outtest optional schoolsor schools thathave guaranteed admission based on GPA or class rank. Many colleges out there no longer require the SAT or ACT to be considered for admission. Consider applying to some of those schools, at least as backups. Option #3: Check out schools with late deadlines. A lot of schools accept applications later in the year and will give you time to study andretest for the ACT. Some schools take applications as late as September for that fall semester. Consider retesting and applying to some of these schools. What’s Next? Need help raising yourACT score? Check out guides to the ACT Reading, Math, English, and Science sections.Taking the ACT very soon? Read our guide to cramming for the test. Not sure where you want to go to college? Check out our guide to finding your target school.Also, figure out yourtarget ACT score. Thinking about getting a job while in high school? Check out our guide to the 8 best jobs for teensand learn how to find yours! Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep classes. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our classes are entirely online, and they're taught by ACT experts. If you liked this article, you'll love our classes. Along with expert-led classes, you'll get personalized homework with thousands of practice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step, custom program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Try it risk-free today: